Compound ingot-mold



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(N0 ModeL) J. ILLINGWORTH.

COMPOUND INGOT MOLD.

No. 349,998. Patented Sept. 28, 1886.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

' J. ILLINGWORTH COMPOUND INGOT. MOLD.

N0. 349,998. Patented Sept. 28, 1886.

INVENT R:

WITNESSES:

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JOHN ILLINGWVORTH, OF NEWVARK, NEXV JERSEY.

COMPOUND lNGOT-MOLD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 3%9398, dated September 28,1886.

Application filed April 2, 1886. SerialNo. 197.404.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN ILmNGwonrH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lngotMolds; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in that class of ingot-molds for casting compound ingots, represented by Patent N 0. 166,700, issued to me August 17, 1875, the ob jectof the invention being to enable me to more perfectly, readily, and conveniently cast the said compound ingots in very heavy masses for use as armor-plates and similar purposes.

The invention consists in the improved mold, the parts of which are constructed and an ranged substantially as will be hereinafter set forth, and finally embodied in the clauses of the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like letters indicate corresponding parts in each of the several figures, Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a side elevation of the improved mold with a certain first cover or top plate thereon. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same on a reduced scale; Fig. 3, a front elevation; Fig. 4, a side elevation of a second cover to be used after one layer of the ingot is cast; and Fig. 5, Sheet 2, is a sectional view showing said second cover in place on the body of the mold ready to receive the metal of the second 1; yer. Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively a plan and sectional view of the second cover, showing the slots which permit its sides to move laterally.

I11 said drawings, a indicates a broad bottom plate, which is preferably arranged in an inclined position, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 5. Upon said bottom are placed upright side plates, 6 b, which form side walls for the four sides of the mold. Said plates b b, or a part of them, have an adjustable or movable relation to the said bottom plate, so that as the broad sheet or plate of metal expands in cooling the said sides or edges of the mold are allowed a corresponding movement, so

(No model.)

that the mold will not be broken, as it would be were the sides and bottom all of one integral piece.

To allow the movement above referred to in making both the first and second castings either the side plates, 1) and b, or, and preferably, the top and bottom plates, a a a, are slotted in the manner indicated more clearly in Figs. 6 and 7, said slots extending in said parts in adirection corresponding to the direction of movement of the expanding metal or approximately at right angles to the side plates.

To prevent the liquid metal from running into the joints, and thus cementing the parts of the mold together, the same are covered by clay or other suitable matter, substantially as indicated in Fig. 2. Said side plates ot'the mold are held down on the bottom plate by bolts 0 c, which extend through both the bottom and side plates. the heads of the bolts lying in countersunk recesses at the outer edges of the side plates, as indicated in Figs. 1, 3, and 5, and shown in Fig. 7 in connection with the side plates of the cover, so as not to interfere with a proper engagement of the covers with said edges, while the lower extremities of said bolts project below the bottom and there receive springs (Z (Z and nuts 6 e, which serve to hold the plates in place against the simple weight of the metal, but not so rigidly as to preventthe movement above referred to. The side plates, 1), of the second cover referred to above, and hereinafter more particularly referred to, are bolted in like manner to a top plate, a as illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7. The bolts 0 move in slots f to give or allow the lateral motion desired. In one of the side plates, preferably the one at the higher end of the inclined plate, is formed a perforation, b, Fig. 5, into which is inserted the lower end of a funnel, g, the said end being bent horizontally, as shown, to enable it to enter said perforation. Over the shallow mold thus formed is placed a flat plate, a, which entirely closes the mold, said plate being bolted down by means of bolts 0, which extend from thebottom plate outside of the side plates through the top plate. and there receive springs cl and nuts or keys 0, the springs having sufficient power to hold the parts together while the casting is in a liquid form, but allowing a slight separation as the casting expands in solidifying;

The mold thus described being formed, and the funnel placed in position, the said mold is tilted or arranged on an incline (if it be not built in this position in the first place) to cause the impurities in the molten metal, when the mold is filled with metal, to rise to one place in the ingot,and notbe diffused over the whole upper surface of the layer as they would be were the upper surface of the molten metal on a level. The metal i.- poured through the funnel 9, and forms in the chamber of the mold the first lower layer of the compound ingot, the said lower layer being preferably of softer metal and the thicker of the twolayers of the complete ingot, and forming the backing of the finished armor plate. After the layer thus cast is partly cooled the cover a is removed, and a second cover, a b, (illustrated in Figs. 4, 6, and 7,) is substituted for it, forming in the mold a chamber above the first casting, which is filled with an upper layer of harder metal than that of the first casting before the said first casting has cooled below a welding heat. The second cover is also provided in the side wall or other suitable position therein with a perforation or opening for the reception of a funnel, said funnel being either the one first used in casting the bottom layer, which is broken from said casting as soon as the metal becomes hard enough to prevent its flowing through the perforation b, or anotherindependentfunnel is used. When the first is also used, I form the side wall or plate, through which the perforation passes, as shown in Figs.'2 and 3, in two parts, one of which is removable to allow the said funnel to be broken away from the casting and then be replaced before the second coveris arranged in position, as will be understood. The removable piece referred to is marked bin Fig. 3, and slides in suitable ways, If, formed in or on the body of the side plate. Under some circumstances the funnel 9 may be connected with either the top or bottom platesthat is to say,:the first layer of the ingot being cast, the metal for the second ingot may be poured through a funnel in the upper plate, as indicated in. Figs. 6 and 7, without disturbing the first funnel until after the ingot is completed, and in casting the first layer the same may-be done by ordinary bottom casting, the funnel entering the mold from the bottom; but I prefer the arrangement first described over or in preference to these and similar changes or modifications.

In my patent of 1875, above referred to, the mold therein described is shown to be provided with what are therein termed covers, which engage or close an open side of the body of said mold, the top of the mold remaining open, so that were the mold arranged'on an incline and filled with molten metal the latter would flow out. In said prior device the layers are formed vertically side by side and extend from the bottom to the open top of the mold. While this method is satisfactory in casting small i ngots, in casting ingots of great weight in the form of plates for covering fortifications, ships of war, 820., the formation of the layers in deep but horizontally or laterally contracted molds having movable side or edge portions, such as herein described, would be objectionable in that the pressure of the metal at the base of thecasting would be so great as to force its movable parts and allow the metal to run out; and, further, the foundation'or base of the ingot or the mold containing the same would be so small or contracted in comparison with its height as to make a manipulation of the mold dangerous, it being necessarily unsteady and liable to fall over.

In the improvement herein described the covering part or parts lie horizontally or approximately horizontally over the ingot-layer first cast, so as to prevent an overflow when the mold is tilted, or if it be in a tilted or inclined position to prevent such overflow at the tal position of the molten plates securesa large bearing-surface beneath each liquid mass and but little lateral pressure, so that the movable sides are not forced apart until said mass begins to set or harden, at which time there is but little danger of the metal escaping through the opening joints, as there is but little weight to cause the metal to burst the skin or crust which first forms at the outside surfaces of the ingota disaster which would be almost sure to happenwere the ingot turned up edgewise.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new is- IIO 1. In an ingot-mold, the combination of the bottom plate, a, movable sides b, and top plates,

the ingot-layer first cast in the mold, substan: tially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In an ingot-mold, the combination of a bottom. a, sides b, and top plate or cover, a having sides 1), adapted to raise said plate above the ingot to form a horizontal chamber thereover, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In an ingot-mold, the combination, with a bottom, movable sides, and a top cover, of bolts 0 and springs or compressible pieces, said parts being arranged and adapted to operate substantially as and for the purposes set forth. 4. In an ingot-mold, the combination, with a bottom, a, arranged on an incline, movable sides I), and suitable bolts for holding said parts together, of a cover, a, and a second cover, a", having movable sides I), substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In an ingot-mold, the combination of the bottom (1, sides b, bolts 0, springs d, and nuts or ke s e a cover bolts 0 and sarin s anda v 7 l :3

nuts or keys 6, for providing bearings for said springs, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. A mold for casting armor-plate, combiir ing a bottom plate, a, sides b, one of which is JOHN ILLINGWVORTH.

\Vitnesses:

CHARLES H. PELL, FREDK. F. CAMPBELL. 

